The pistol shooter finished second behind China's Kai Hu in Doha to open India's qualification account for the Los Angeles Games.
The 18-year-old rallied from behind against Egypt's Salma Hany, cementing India's expanding footprint on the international squash circuit.
The 24-year-old tested positive for an anabolic steroid, an endurance drug, and a stimulant on the day of his competition.
Divyanshi Chaudhary claims she was forced out in favour of a rival she defeated in trials, but officials say a severe knee injury ruled her out.